Exploring intersectoral collaboration in a community-based climate adaptation initiative: A qualitative case study of the Waterloo Region Heat, Cold and Air Quality Network (WRHCAN)

Abstract

Background: An increase in the frequency and severity of extreme weather and poor air quality events due to anthropogenic climate change has resulted in negative implications for human and planetary health. Understanding the role of local public health units in the development and implementation of community-based climate change adaptation initiatives can minimize the health impacts of climate change and enhance community resilience. This study aimed to explore the facilitators and barriers to intersectoral collaboration for Network partners of the Waterloo Region Heat, Cold and Air Quality Network (WRHCAN), a public health led climate adaptation initiative.

Methods: A community engaged research approach informed the study design and community-academic partnership between the University of Waterloo and Region of Waterloo Public Health (ROWPH). A case study methodology was applied to explore the processes of intersectoral collaboration in the context of the WRHCAN. Data sources included a focus group with ROWPH, 13 semi-structured interviews with Network partners, participant observation of two Network meetings, and a document review of selected WRHCAN internal documents. Recruitment was facilitated by ROWPH, and data collection and analysis were guided by the Bergen Model of Collaborative Functioning, a theoretical framework for intersectoral collaboration. All interviews were audio-recorded using Teams and transcribed verbatim. Interview data were thematically analyzed using a hybrid inductive-deductive approach.

Results: Network partners identified several facilitators and barriers, as well as contextual factors influencing intersectoral collaboration in the WRHCAN. For Network partners, facilitators included alignment with WRHCAN objectives, coordination by ROWPH, usefulness of communication products, and information and resource sharing with other Network partners. Barriers included accessibility of information and resources for vulnerable populations, and the need for more tailored training and response by frontline staff. Contextual factors included the housing and affordability crisis impacting Waterloo Region and the need to address the specific challenges of those experiencing substance use challenges, mental health concerns, and/or homelessness.

Conclusion: This study highlighted intersectoral collaboration as an approach that can be leveraged by local public health units in the design and implementation of community-based climate change adaptation initiatives. This study provides insights into the facilitators and barriers experienced by WRHCAN Network partners. The findings from this study can inform future climate change adaptation efforts that utilize intersectoral collaboration.