Browsing by Author "Lorca, Alvaro"

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Affine Policies and Principal Components Analysis for Self-Scheduling in CAES Facilities
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2022-07-26) Zambroni de Souza, Matheus F.; Cañizares, Claudio A.; Bhattacharya, Kankar; Lorca, Alvaro
This paper presents a novel methodology based on Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Affine Policies (AP) for self-scheduling of a price-taker Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) facility operating under uncertainties. The proposed PCA-AP model is developed from the facility owner's perspective, which partakes in energy, spinning, and idle reserve markets. A methodology is proposed to select the required price uncertainty intervals from actual data based on a Box Cox technique. For a more realistic representation, the detailed thermodynamic characteristics of the CAES facility are considered, taking into account as well modern CAES facilities that may charge and discharge concurrently. To validate the proposed PCA-AP model and approach, the results obtained are compared with an existing Affine Arithmetic (AA) model, which is also based on an affine approach, and Monte Carlo Simulations (MCS), which can be considered as the benchmark for comparison purposes. The input data, forecast prices and intervals of uncertainty, are taken from the Ontario-Canada electricity market for 2015-2019. From the studies presented, it can be observed that the new PCA-AP approach provides less conservative results as compared to the AA approach, and hence can be considered an adequate methodology for day-ahead operations in systems with significant sources of uncertainty.
An Energy Management System With Short-Term Fluctuation Reserves and Battery Degradation for Isolated Microgrids
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2021-08-10) Cordova, Samuel; Canizares, Claudio; Lorca, Alvaro; Olivares, Daniel E.
Due to the low-inertia and significant renewable generation variability in isolated microgrids, short time-scale fluctuations in the order of seconds can have a large impact on a microgrid’s frequency regulation performance. In this context, the present paper presents a mathematical model for an Energy Management System (EMS) that takes into account the operational impact of the short-term fluctuations stemming from renewable generation rapid changes, and the role that renewable curtailment and batteries, including their degradation, can play to counter-balance these variations. Computational experiments on the real Kasabonika Lake First Nation microgrid and CIGRE benchmark test system show the operational benefits of the proposed EMS, highlighting the need to properly model short-term fluctuations and battery degradation in EMS for isolated microgrids with significant renewable integration.
Frequency-Constrained Energy Management System for Isolated Microgrids
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2022-04-28) Cordova, Samuel; Canizares, Claudio A.; Lorca, Alvaro; Olivares, Daniel E.
Second-to-second power imbalances stemming from renewable generation can have a large impact on the frequency regulation performance of isolated microgrids, as these are characterized by low inertia and, more commonly nowadays, significant renewable energy penetration. Thus, the present paper develops a novel frequency-constrained Energy Management System (EMS) that takes into account the impact of short-term power fluctuations on the microgrid’s operation and frequency regulation performance. The proposed EMS model is based on accurate linear equations describing frequency deviation, rate-of-change-of-frequency, and regulation provision in daily microgrid operations. Dynamic simulations on a realistic CIGRE benchmark test system show the economic and reliability benefits of the presented EMS model, highlighting the need of incorporating fast power fluctuations and their impact on frequency dynamics in EMSs for sustainable isolated microgrids.